terms

Frontal Plane - movements include abduction and adduction, lateral flexion, elevation and depression, inversion and eversion, and radial and ulnar deviation.
Anatomical Position - is considered the starting position for body segment movements. It is standing in a erect position with all body parts, including the palms of the hands facing forward.
Transverse Plane- movements include left and right rotation, medial and lateral rotation, supination and rotation, and horizontal abduction and adduction.
Flexion- of a joint is to bend it or decrease the angle between the bones of the joint. Movements of flexion are in the sagittal plane.

Sagittal Plane - is the longitudinal plane dividing the head and torso into left and right parts (not halves). It is parallel to the median plane.
Adduction- of a joint moves a bone toward the midline of the body (or in case of hand or foot toward the midline of the hand or foot). In relation to the anatomical position, movements of adduction are directed in the coronal plane.
Plantar Flexion - is when flexion, or the decrease of the angle between the bones of the joint, occurs at the ankle joint.
Mediolateral Axis - is the imaginary line around which sagittal plane rotations occur.
Axis of Rotation - is the imaginary line perpendicular to the plane of rotation and passing through the center of rotation.
Hyperextension - is extreme or abnormal extension
Rotation - of a joint is to turn the moving bone about its axis. Rotation toward the body is internal or medial rotation; rotation away from the body is external or lateral rotation.
Extension - of a joint is to generally straighten it.
Pronation - is internal rotation of the radiohumeral joint.
　
General motion - involving translation and rotation simultaneously
　
Angular - involving rotation around a central line or point
Range of Motion - is the angle through which a joint moves from anatomical position to the extreme limit of segment motion in a particular direction.